Horticulture : Propagation through cutting

 What is plant propagation?

     The process of multiplying plants of same species along with their desirable characteristics.

Types:

Sexual propagation - Through seed

Asexual propagation - any vegetative part other than seed.

Cuttings

                                          

A part of the plant is separated from mother plant and is induced to form roots and which develop into a complete plant.

Classification :

• Stem cutting
• Leaf cutting
• Root cutting

Stem Cutting:

  Stem is again classified based on maturity of stem as,

a) Hard wood cuttings - most mature

b)Semi -hard wood cuttings -  mature

                                                      c)Softwood cuttings - immature

                                                      e) Herbaceous cutting - evergreen

Hardwood cutting:

1. The cutting should be 15-20cm in height.

2. If leaves present - roots emerge earlier due to transpiration pull created.

The transpiration stress will induce root formation.( Mist chamber needed to compensate evaporation loss)

3. Cutting should be made leaving the node, because root and shoot formation takes place only in nodal region.

4.The basal end cutting should be slanting to promote more area of absorption.

5. Top end - straight cut at 2-3 cm above the last node. ( to compete dehydration  on course of time).

Example: Fig , Grapes, Pear, Pomegranate, olive, Rootstock of HT Rose, Bougainvillea, Acalypha.

Hybrid Tea Rose

Acalypha (copper)

 

 Season favourable : Rainy season.

Softwood cutting :

Example: Hibiscus, Jasmine

Herbaceous cutting:

Made on succulent herbaceous plant.

Coleus

Chrysanthemum

Example: Coleus, Chrysanthemum, Geranium, Carnation, , Alternathera, Table rose - portulaca 

Carnation

 

Geranium

                                                                                

2 .Leaf cutting

  Leaf blade / leaf blade with petiole is utilized in starting new plants.

Example: Sansivieria, Bryophyllum

Sanivieria ( Snake leaf)

3. Leaf- bud cutting

Leaf blade, petiole and a short piece of stem attached with axillary bud.

Ex: Blackberry, Lemon, Camellia , Rhododenron.

Camellia

  

Rhododendron

Root Cutting

Made from true roots of plants. Cutting is of 10-25cm long , planted horizontally in soil

Adventitious buds will sprout and produce new plants.

Example: Seedless breadfruit.